PC World Komputer 2010 April/PCWorld0410.iso/hity wydania/Ubuntu 9.10 PL/karmelkowy-koliberek-desktop-9.10-i386-PL.iso/casper/filesystem.squashfs/usr/share/pyshared/pyatspi/registry.py

Text File | 2009-10-19 | 29KB | 811 lines

'''
Registry that hides some of the details of registering for AT-SPI events and
starting and stopping the main program loop.

@todo: PP: when to destroy device listener?

@author: Peter Parente
@organization: IBM Corporation
@copyright: Copyright (c) 2005, 2007 IBM Corporation
@license: LGPL

This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.

This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
Library General Public License for more details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
License along with this library; if not, write to the
Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330,
Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.

Portions of this code originally licensed and copyright (c) 2005, 2007
IBM Corporation under the BSD license, available at
U{http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php}
'''
import signal
import time
import weakref
import Queue
import traceback
import ORBit
import bonobo
import gobject
import Accessibility
import Accessibility__POA
import utils
import constants
import event

class _Observer(object):
  '''
  Parent class for all event observers. Dispatches all received events to the
  L{Registry} that created this L{_Observer}. Provides basic reference counting
  functionality needed by L{Registry} to determine when an L{_Observer} can be
  released for garbage collection.

  The reference counting provided by this class is independent of the reference
  counting used by CORBA. Keeping the counts separate makes it easier for the
  L{Registry} to detect when an L{_Observer} can be freed in the
  L{Registry._unregisterObserver} method.

  @ivar registry: Reference to the L{Registry} that created this L{_Observer}
  @type registry: weakref.proxy to L{Registry}
  @ivar ref_count: Reference count on this L{_Observer}
  @type ref_count: integer
  '''
  def __init__(self, registry):
    '''
    Stores a reference to the creating L{Registry}. Intializes the reference
    count on this object to zero.

    @param registry: The L{Registry} that created this observer
    @type registry: weakref.proxy to L{Registry}
    '''
    self.registry = weakref.proxy(registry)
    self.ref_count = 0

  def clientRef(self):
    '''
    Increments the Python reference count on this L{_Observer} by one. This
    method is called when a new client is registered in L{Registry} to receive
    notification of an event type monitored by this L{_Observer}.
    '''
    self.ref_count += 1

  def clientUnref(self):
    '''
    Decrements the pyatspi reference count on this L{_Observer} by one. This
    method is called when a client is unregistered in L{Registry} to stop
    receiving notifications of an event type monitored by this L{_Observer}.
    '''
    self.ref_count -= 1

  def getClientRefCount(self):
    '''
    @return: Current Python reference count on this L{_Observer}
    @rtype: integer
    '''
    return self.ref_count

  def ref(self):
    '''Required by CORBA. Does nothing.'''
    pass

  def unref(self):
    '''Required by CORBA. Does nothing.'''
    pass

class _DeviceObserver(_Observer, Accessibility__POA.DeviceEventListener):
  '''
  Observes keyboard press and release events.

  @ivar registry: The L{Registry} that created this observer
  @type registry: L{Registry}
  @ivar key_set: Set of keys to monitor
  @type key_set: list of integer
  @ivar mask: Watch for key events while these modifiers are held
  @type mask: integer
  @ivar kind: Kind of events to monitor
  @type kind: integer
  @ivar mode: Keyboard event mode
  @type mode: Accessibility.EventListenerMode
  '''
  def __init__(self, registry, synchronous, preemptive, global_):
    '''
    Creates a mode object that defines when key events will be received from
    the system. Stores all other information for later registration.

    @param registry: The L{Registry} that created this observer
    @type registry: L{Registry}
    @param synchronous: Handle the key event synchronously?
    @type synchronous: boolean
    @param preemptive: Allow event to be consumed?
    @type preemptive: boolean
    @param global_: Watch for events on inaccessible applications too?
    @type global_: boolean
    '''
    _Observer.__init__(self, registry)
    self.mode = Accessibility.EventListenerMode()
    self.mode.preemptive = preemptive
    self.mode.synchronous = synchronous
    self.mode._global = global_

  def register(self, dc, key_set, mask, kind):
    '''
    Starts keyboard event monitoring.

    @param dc: Reference to a device controller
    @type dc: Accessibility.DeviceEventController
    @param key_set: Set of keys to monitor
    @type key_set: list of integer
    @param mask: Integer modifier mask or an iterable over multiple masks to
      unapply all at once
    @type mask: integer, iterable, or None
    @param kind: Kind of events to monitor
    @type kind: integer
    '''
    try:
      # check if the mask is iterable
      iter(mask)
    except TypeError:
      # register a single integer if not
      dc.registerKeystrokeListener(self._this(), key_set, mask, kind,
                                   self.mode)
    else:
      for m in mask:
        dc.registerKeystrokeListener(self._this(), key_set, m, kind, self.mode)

  def unregister(self, dc, key_set, mask, kind):
    '''
    Stops keyboard event monitoring.

    @param dc: Reference to a device controller
    @type dc: Accessibility.DeviceEventController
    @param key_set: Set of keys to monitor
    @type key_set: list of integer
    @param mask: Integer modifier mask or an iterable over multiple masks to
      unapply all at once
    @type mask: integer, iterable, or None
    @param kind: Kind of events to monitor
    @type kind: integer
    '''
    try:
      # check if the mask is iterable
      iter(mask)
    except TypeError:
      # unregister a single integer if not
      dc.deregisterKeystrokeListener(self._this(), key_set, mask, kind)
    else:
      for m in mask:
        dc.deregisterKeystrokeListener(self._this(), key_set, m, kind)

  def queryInterface(self, repo_id):
    '''
    Reports that this class only implements the AT-SPI DeviceEventListener
    interface. Required by AT-SPI.

    @param repo_id: Request for an interface
    @type repo_id: string
    @return: The underlying CORBA object for the device event listener
    @rtype: Accessibility.EventListener
    '''
    if repo_id == utils.getInterfaceIID(Accessibility.DeviceEventListener):
      return self._this()
    else:
      return None

  def notifyEvent(self, ev):
    '''
    Notifies the L{Registry} that an event has occurred. Wraps the raw event
    object in our L{Event} class to support automatic ref and unref calls. An
    observer can return True to indicate this event should not be allowed to pass
    to other AT-SPI observers or the underlying application.

    @param ev: Keyboard event
    @type ev: Accessibility.DeviceEvent
    @return: Should the event be consumed (True) or allowed to pass on to other
      AT-SPI observers (False)?
    @rtype: boolean
    '''
    # wrap the device event
    ev = event.DeviceEvent(ev)
    return self.registry.handleDeviceEvent(ev, self)

class _EventObserver(_Observer, Accessibility__POA.EventListener):
  '''
  Observes all non-keyboard AT-SPI events. Can be reused across event types.
  '''
  def register(self, reg, name):
    '''
    Starts monitoring for the given event.

    @param name: Name of the event to start monitoring
    @type name: string
    @param reg: Reference to the raw registry object
    @type reg: Accessibility.Registry
    '''
    reg.registerGlobalEventListener(self._this(), name)

  def unregister(self, reg, name):
    '''
    Stops monitoring for the given event.

    @param name: Name of the event to stop monitoring
    @type name: string
    @param reg: Reference to the raw registry object
    @type reg: Accessibility.Registry
    '''
    reg.deregisterGlobalEventListener(self._this(), name)

  def queryInterface(self, repo_id):
    '''
    Reports that this class only implements the AT-SPI DeviceEventListener
    interface. Required by AT-SPI.

    @param repo_id: Request for an interface
    @type repo_id: string
    @return: The underlying CORBA object for the device event listener
    @rtype: Accessibility.EventListener
    '''
    if repo_id == utils.getInterfaceIID(Accessibility.EventListener):
      return self._this()
    else:
      return None

  def notifyEvent(self, ev):
    '''
    Notifies the L{Registry} that an event has occurred. Wraps the raw event
    object in our L{Event} class to support automatic ref and unref calls.
    Aborts on any exception indicating the event could not be wrapped.

    @param ev: AT-SPI event signal (anything but keyboard)
    @type ev: Accessibility.Event
    '''
    # wrap raw event so ref counts are correct before queueing
    ev = event.Event(ev)
    self.registry.handleEvent(ev)

class Registry(object):
  '''
  Wraps the Accessibility.Registry to provide more Pythonic registration for
  events.

  This object should be treated as a singleton, but such treatment is not
  enforced. You can construct another instance of this object and give it a
  reference to the Accessibility.Registry singleton. Doing so is harmless and
  has no point.

  @ivar async: Should event dispatch to local listeners be decoupled from event
    receiving from the registry?
  @type async: boolean
  @ivar reg: Reference to the real, wrapped registry object
  @type reg: Accessibility.Registry
  @ivar dev: Reference to the device controller
  @type dev: Accessibility.DeviceEventController
  @ivar queue: Queue of events awaiting local dispatch
  @type queue: Queue.Queue
  @ivar clients: Map of event names to client listeners
  @type clients: dictionary
  @ivar observers: Map of event names to AT-SPI L{_Observer} objects
  @type observers: dictionary
  '''
  def __init__(self, reg):
    '''
    Stores a reference to the AT-SPI registry. Gets and stores a reference
    to the DeviceEventController.

    @param reg: Reference to the AT-SPI registry daemon
    @type reg: Accessibility.Registry
    '''
    self.reg = reg
    self.async = None
    self.queue = Queue.Queue()
    self.clients = {}
    self.observers = {}

    if self.reg is not None:
      self.dev = self.reg.getDeviceEventController()
    else:
      self.dev = None

  def __call__(self, reg=None):
    '''
    @return: This instance of the registry. If we are passed a remote registry
    instance for the first time, add it to our instance, and get a device event
    controller.
    @rtype: L{Registry}
    '''
    if reg and not self.reg:
      self.reg = reg
      self.dev = self.reg.getDeviceEventController()
    return self

  def __getattribute__(self, attr):
    if attr != 'reg' and object.__getattribute__(self, 'reg') is None:
      raise RuntimeError('Could not find or activate registry')
    else:
      return object.__getattribute__(self, attr)

  def start(self, async=False, gil=True):
    '''
    Enter the main loop to start receiving and dispatching events.

    @param async: Should event dispatch be asynchronous (decoupled) from
      event receiving from the AT-SPI registry?
    @type async: boolean
    @param gil: Add an idle callback which releases the Python GIL for a few
      milliseconds to allow other threads to run? Necessary if other threads
      will be used in this process.
    @type gil: boolean
    '''
    self.async = async

    if gil:
      def releaseGIL():
        try:
          time.sleep(1e-5)
        except KeyboardInterrupt, e:
          # store the exception for later
          releaseGIL.keyboard_exception = e
          self.stop()
        return True
      # make room for an exception if one occurs during the
      releaseGIL.keyboard_exception = None
      i = gobject.idle_add(releaseGIL)

    # enter the main loop
    try:
      bonobo.main()
    finally:
      # clear all observers
      for name, ob in self.observers.items():
        ob.unregister(self.reg, name)
      if gil:
        gobject.source_remove(i)
        if releaseGIL.keyboard_exception is not None:
          # raise an keyboard exception we may have gotten earlier
          raise releaseGIL.keyboard_exception

  def stop(self, *args):
    '''Quits the main loop.'''
    try:
      bonobo.main_quit()
    except RuntimeError:
      # ignore errors when quitting (probably already quitting)
      pass
    self.flushEvents()

  def getDesktopCount(self):
    '''
    Gets the number of available desktops.

    @return: Number of desktops
    @rtype: integer
    @raise LookupError: When the count cannot be retrieved
    '''
    try:
      return self.reg.getDesktopCount()
    except Exception:
      raise LookupError

  def getDesktop(self, i):
    '''
    Gets a reference to the i-th desktop.

    @param i: Which desktop to get
    @type i: integer
    @return: Desktop reference
    @rtype: Accessibility.Desktop
    @raise LookupError: When the i-th desktop cannot be retrieved
    '''
    try:
      return self.reg.getDesktop(i)
    except Exception, e:
      raise LookupError(e)

  def registerEventListener(self, client, *names):
    '''
    Registers a new client callback for the given event names. Supports
    registration for all subevents if only partial event name is specified.
    Do not include a trailing colon.

    For example, 'object' will register for all object events,
    'object:property-change' will register for all property change events,
    and 'object:property-change:accessible-parent' will register only for the
    parent property change event.

    Registered clients will not be automatically removed when the client dies.
    To ensure the client is properly garbage collected, call
    L{deregisterEventListener}.

    @param client: Callable to be invoked when the event occurs
    @type client: callable
    @param names: List of full or partial event names
    @type names: list of string
    '''
    for name in names:
      # store the callback for each specific event name
      self._registerClients(client, name)

  def deregisterEventListener(self, client, *names):
    '''
    Unregisters an existing client callback for the given event names. Supports
    unregistration for all subevents if only partial event name is specified.
    Do not include a trailing colon.

    This method must be called to ensure a client registered by
    L{registerEventListener} is properly garbage collected.

    @param client: Client callback to remove
    @type client: callable
    @param names: List of full or partial event names
    @type names: list of string
    @return: Were event names specified for which the given client was not
      registered?
    @rtype: boolean
    '''
    missed = False
    for name in names:
      # remove the callback for each specific event name
      missed |= self._unregisterClients(client, name)
    return missed

  def registerKeystrokeListener(self, client, key_set=[], mask=0,
                                kind=(constants.KEY_PRESSED_EVENT,
                                      constants.KEY_RELEASED_EVENT),
                                synchronous=True, preemptive=True,
                                global_=False):
    '''
    Registers a listener for key stroke events.

    @param client: Callable to be invoked when the event occurs
    @type client: callable
    @param key_set: Set of hardware key codes to stop monitoring. Leave empty
      to indicate all keys.
    @type key_set: list of integer
    @param mask: When the mask is None, the codes in the key_set will be
      monitored only when no modifier is held. When the mask is an
      integer, keys in the key_set will be monitored only when the modifiers in
      the mask are held. When the mask is an iterable over more than one
      integer, keys in the key_set will be monitored when any of the modifier
      combinations in the set are held.
    @type mask: integer, iterable, None
    @param kind: Kind of events to watch, KEY_PRESSED_EVENT or
      KEY_RELEASED_EVENT.
    @type kind: list
    @param synchronous: Should the callback notification be synchronous, giving
      the client the chance to consume the event?
    @type synchronous: boolean
    @param preemptive: Should the callback be allowed to preempt / consume the
      event?
    @type preemptive: boolean
    @param global_: Should callback occur even if an application not supporting
      AT-SPI is in the foreground? (requires xevie)
    @type global_: boolean
    '''
    try:
      # see if we already have an observer for this client
      ob = self.clients[client]
    except KeyError:
      # create a new device observer for this client
      ob = _DeviceObserver(self, synchronous, preemptive, global_)
      # store the observer to client mapping, and the inverse
      self.clients[ob] = client
      self.clients[client] = ob
    if mask is None:
      # None means all modifier combinations
      mask = utils.allModifiers()
    # register for new keystrokes on the observer
    ob.register(self.dev, key_set, mask, kind)

  def deregisterKeystrokeListener(self, client, key_set=[], mask=0,
                                  kind=(constants.KEY_PRESSED_EVENT,
                                        constants.KEY_RELEASED_EVENT)):
    '''
    Deregisters a listener for key stroke events.

    @param client: Callable to be invoked when the event occurs
    @type client: callable
    @param key_set: Set of hardware key codes to stop monitoring. Leave empty
      to indicate all keys.
    @type key_set: list of integer
    @param mask: When the mask is None, the codes in the key_set will be
      monitored only when no modifier is held. When the mask is an
      integer, keys in the key_set will be monitored only when the modifiers in
      the mask are held. When the mask is an iterable over more than one
      integer, keys in the key_set will be monitored when any of the modifier
      combinations in the set are held.
    @type mask: integer, iterable, None
    @param kind: Kind of events to stop watching, KEY_PRESSED_EVENT or
      KEY_RELEASED_EVENT.
    @type kind: list
    @raise KeyError: When the client isn't already registered for events
    '''
    # see if we already have an observer for this client
    ob = self.clients[client]
    if mask is None:
      # None means all modifier combinations
      mask = utils.allModifiers()
    # register for new keystrokes on the observer
    ob.unregister(self.dev, key_set, mask, kind)

  def generateKeyboardEvent(self, keycode, keysym, kind):
    '''
    Generates a keyboard event. One of the keycode or the keysym parameters
    should be specified and the other should be None. The kind parameter is
    required and should be one of the KEY_PRESS, KEY_RELEASE, KEY_PRESSRELEASE,
    KEY_SYM, or KEY_STRING.

    @param keycode: Hardware keycode or None
    @type keycode: integer
    @param keysym: Symbolic key string or None
    @type keysym: string
    @param kind: Kind of event to synthesize
    @type kind: integer
    '''
    if keysym is None:
      self.dev.generateKeyboardEvent(keycode, '', kind)
    else:
      self.dev.generateKeyboardEvent(None, keysym, kind)

  def generateMouseEvent(self, x, y, name):
    '''
    Generates a mouse event at the given absolute x and y coordinate. The kind
    of event generated is specified by the name. For example, MOUSE_B1P
    (button 1 press), MOUSE_REL (relative motion), MOUSE_B3D (butten 3
    double-click).

    @param x: Horizontal coordinate, usually left-hand oriented
    @type x: integer
    @param y: Vertical coordinate, usually left-hand oriented
    @type y: integer
    @param name: Name of the event to generate
    @type name: string
    '''
    self.dev.generateMouseEvent(x, y, name)

  def handleDeviceEvent(self, event, ob):
    '''
    Dispatches L{event.DeviceEvent}s to registered clients. Clients are called
    in the order they were registered for the given AT-SPI event. If any
    client returns True, callbacks cease for the event for clients of this registry
    instance. Clients of other registry instances and clients in other processes may
    be affected depending on the values of synchronous and preemptive used when invoking
    L{registerKeystrokeListener}.

    @note: Asynchronous dispatch of device events is not supported.

    @param event: AT-SPI device event
    @type event: L{event.DeviceEvent}
    @param ob: Observer that received the event
    @type ob: L{_DeviceObserver}

    @return: Should the event be consumed (True) or allowed to pass on to other
      AT-SPI observers (False)?
    @rtype: boolean
    '''
    try:
      # try to get the client registered for this event type
      client = self.clients[ob]
    except KeyError:
      # client may have unregistered recently, ignore event
      return False
    # make the call to the client
    try:
      return client(event) or event.consume
    except Exception:
      # print the exception, but don't let it stop notification
      traceback.print_exc()

  def handleEvent(self, event):
    '''
    Handles an AT-SPI event by either queuing it for later dispatch when the
    L{Registry.async} flag is set, or dispatching it immediately.

    @param event: AT-SPI event
    @type event: L{event.Event}
    '''
    if self.async:
      # queue for now
      self.queue.put_nowait(event)
    else:
      # dispatch immediately
      self._dispatchEvent(event)

  def _dispatchEvent(self, event):
    '''
    Dispatches L{event.Event}s to registered clients. Clients are called in
    the order they were registered for the given AT-SPI event. If any client
    returns True, callbacks cease for the event for clients of this registry
    instance. Clients of other registry instances and clients in other processes
    are unaffected.

    @param event: AT-SPI event
    @type event: L{event.Event}
    '''
    et = event.type
    try:
      # try to get the client registered for this event type
      clients = self.clients[et.name]
    except KeyError:
      try:
        # we may not have registered for the complete subtree of events
        # if our tree does not list all of a certain type (e.g.
        # object:state-changed:*); try again with klass and major only
        if et.detail is not None:
          # Strip the 'detail' field.
          clients = self.clients['%s:%s:%s' % (et.klass, et.major, et.minor)]
        elif et.minor is not None:
          # The event could possibly be object:state-changed:*.
          clients = self.clients['%s:%s' % (et.klass, et.major)]
      except KeyError:
        # client may have unregistered recently, ignore event
        return
    # make the call to each client
    consume = False
    for client in clients:
      try:
        consume = client(event) or False
      except Exception:
        # print the exception, but don't let it stop notification
        traceback.print_exc()
      if consume or event.consume:
        # don't allow further processing if a client returns True
        break

  def flushEvents(self):
    '''
    Flushes the event queue by destroying it and recreating it.
    '''
    self.queue = Queue.Queue()

  def pumpQueuedEvents(self, num=-1):
    '''
    Provides asynch processing of events in the queue by executeing them with
    _dispatchEvent() (as is done immediately when synch processing).
    This method would normally be called from a main loop or idle function.

    @param num: Number of events to pump. If number is negative it pumps
    the entire queue. Default is -1.
    @type num: integer
    @return: True if queue is not empty after events were pumped.
    @rtype: boolean
    '''
    if num < 0:
      # Dequeue as many events as currently in the queue.
      num = self.queue.qsize()
    for i in xrange(num):
      try:
        # get next waiting event
        event = self.queue.get_nowait()
      except Queue.Empty:
        break
      self._dispatchEvent(event)

    return not self.queue.empty()

  def _registerClients(self, client, name):
    '''
    Internal method that recursively associates a client with AT-SPI event
    names. Allows a client to incompletely specify an event name in order to
    register for subevents without specifying their full names manually.

    @param client: Client callback to receive event notifications
    @type client: callable
    @param name: Partial or full event name
    @type name: string
    '''
    try:
      # look for an event name in our event tree dictionary
      events = constants.EVENT_TREE[name]
    except KeyError:
      # if the event name doesn't exist, it's a leaf event meaning there are
      # no subtypes for that event
      # add this client to the list of clients already in the dictionary
      # using the event name as the key; if there are no clients yet for this
      # event, insert an empty list into the dictionary before appending
      # the client
      et = event.EventType(name)
      clients = self.clients.setdefault(et.name, [])
      try:
        # if this succeeds, this client is already registered for the given
        # event type, so ignore the request
        clients.index(client)
      except ValueError:
        # else register the client
        clients.append(client)
        self._registerObserver(name)
    else:
        # if the event name does exist in the tree, there are subevents for
        # this event; loop through them calling this method again to get to
        # the leaf events
        for e in events:
          self._registerClients(client, e)

  def _unregisterClients(self, client, name):
    '''
    Internal method that recursively unassociates a client with AT-SPI event
    names. Allows a client to incompletely specify an event name in order to
    unregister for subevents without specifying their full names manually.

    @param client: Client callback to receive event notifications
    @type client: callable
    @param name: Partial or full event name
    @type name: string
    '''
    missed = False
    try:
      # look for an event name in our event tree dictionary
      events = constants.EVENT_TREE[name]
    except KeyError:
      try:
        # if the event name doesn't exist, it's a leaf event meaning there are
        # no subtypes for that event
        # get the list of registered clients and try to remove the one provided
        et = event.EventType(name)
        clients = self.clients[et.name]
        clients.remove(client)
        self._unregisterObserver(name)
      except (ValueError, KeyError):
        # ignore any exceptions indicating the client is not registered
        missed = True
      return missed
    # if the event name does exist in the tree, there are subevents for this
    # event; loop through them calling this method again to get to the leaf
    # events
    for e in events:
      missed |= self._unregisterClients(client, e)
    return missed

  def _registerObserver(self, name):
    '''
    Creates a new L{_Observer} to watch for events of the given type or
    returns the existing observer if one is already registered. One
    L{_Observer} is created for each leaf in the L{constants.EVENT_TREE} or
    any event name not found in the tree.

    @param name: Raw name of the event to observe
    @type name: string
    @return: L{_Observer} object that is monitoring the event
    @rtype: L{_Observer}
    '''
    et = event.EventType(name)
    try:
      # see if an observer already exists for this event
      ob = self.observers[et.name]
    except KeyError:
      # build a new observer if one does not exist
      ob = _EventObserver(self)
      # we have to register for the raw name because it may be different from
      # the parsed name determined by EventType (e.g. trailing ':' might be
      # missing)
      ob.register(self.reg, name)
      self.observers[et.name] = ob
    # increase our client ref count so we know someone new is watching for the
    # event
    ob.clientRef()
    return ob

  def _unregisterObserver(self, name):
    '''
    Destroys an existing L{_Observer} for the given event type only if no
    clients are registered for the events it is monitoring.

    @param name: Name of the event to observe
    @type name: string
    @raise KeyError: When an observer for the given event is not regist
    '''
    et = event.EventType(name)
    # see if an observer already exists for this event
    ob = self.observers[et.name]
    ob.clientUnref()
    if ob.getClientRefCount() == 0:
      ob.unregister(self.reg, name)
      del self.observers[et.name]